Web programming languages?
Web programming languages?
Web programming languages: the most used on the Internet When we watch videos on YouTube, we connect with business partners through LinkedIn or read an article on Wikipedia, we are using robust and highly visited websites that generally run smoothly. Asking about scripts that run in the background (which ones are used and how they have been programmed) is more common when planning to create a web page. Web development begins by having to make a series of decisions, such as finding an appropriate programming language for the internet or hiring a developer who has the necessary capabilities. In the case that you are the programmer, you will have to decide which is the best web programming language to add value to your knowledge and improve your client portfolio.
Web programming languages, on the other hand, can program complex logical instructions and operations. While it is only possible to generate documents with markup languages such as HTML, programming languages allow you to create programs of any size tailored to your needs. But what are the appropriate programming languages specifically for the internet? What are they used for? Which languages are the most versatile and which are the easiest to learn? We answer all these questions with a general description of web programming languages.
Since the beginning of the Internet, different demands were arising by users and solutions were given through static languages. As time went by, technologies developed and new problems arose to solve. This led to the development of dynamic programming languages for the web, which allowed users to interact with and use Database systems. Next we will give an introduction to the different programming languages for the web.
HTML language:
Since the emergence of the internet, websites have been published thanks to the HTML language. It is a static language for website development (acronym in English for HyperText Markup Language, in Spanish Hypertext Markup Language). Developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). Files can have extensions (htm, html).
Advantage:
Simple to describe hypertext.
Text presented in a structured and pleasant way.
You do not need great knowledge when you have a web page editor or WYSIWYG.
Small files
Rapid deployment
Easy learning language.
All browsers support it.
Disadvantages:
Static language.
The interpretation of each browser may be different.
Save many labels that can become “junk” and make correction difficult.
The design is slower.
The labels are very limited.
Javascript language:
This is an interpreted language, does not require compilation. It was created by Brendan Eich in the company Netscape Communications. Mainly used in web pages. It is similar to Java, although it is not an object-oriented language, it does not have inheritances. Most browsers in their latest versions interpret Javascript code.
The Javascript code can be integrated into our web pages. To avoid incompatibilities, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) designed a standard called DOM (in English Document Object Model, in its translation into Spanish Document Object Model).
Syntax:
Advantage:
Safe and reliable scripting language.
Scripts have limited capabilities, for security reasons.
The Javascript code runs on the client.
Disadvantages:
Code visible by any user.
The code must be completely downloaded.
You can put the security of the site at risk, with the current problem called XSS (it means in English Cross Site Scripting renamed to XSS for its similarity to CSS style sheets).
PHP language:
It is a programming language used for website creation. PHP is a recursive acronym that means “PHP Hypertext Pre-processor” (initially called Personal Home Page). It emerged in 1995, developed by PHP Group.
PHP is a scripting language interpreted on the server side used for the generation of dynamic web pages, embedded in HTML pages and executed on the server. PHP does not need to be compiled to run. For its operation you need to have Apache or IIS installed with PHP libraries. Most of its syntax has been taken from C, Java and Perl with some specific characteristics. The files have the extension (php).
Syntax:
The syntax used to incorporate PHP code is as follows:
<? php
$message = “Hello”;
echo $message;
?>
Advantage:
Very easy to learn
It is characterized by being a very fast language.
It supports object orientation to some extent. Classes and inheritance.
It is a cross-platform language: Linux, Windows, among others.
Ability to connect with most database drivers: MysSQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, MS SQL Server, among others.
Ability to expand its potential using modules.
It has documentation on its official website which includes description and examples of each of its functions.
It is free, so it is presented as an easily accessible alternative for everyone.
It includes a lot of functions.
It does not require definition of variable types or detailed management of the low level.
Disadvantages:
You need to install a web server.
All work is done by the server and does not delegate to the client. Therefore it may be more inefficient as requests increase in number.
The readability of the code may be affected by mixing HTML and PHP statements.
Object-oriented programming is still very poor for large applications.
It makes modularization difficult.
Difficult organization by layers of the application.
Security:
PHP is a powerful language and interpreter, whether included as part of a web server in the form of a module or executed as a separate CGI binary, is able to access files, execute commands and open network connections on the server. These properties make anything that is executed on a web server insecure by nature.
PHP is specifically designed to be a safer language for writing CGI programs than Perl or C, and with the correct selection of configuration options at compile and run times, and following some correct programming practices.
ASP language
It is a server-side technology developed by Microsoft for the development of dynamic websites. ASP means in English (Active Server Pages), it was released by Microsoft in 1996. Web pages developed under this language need to have Internet Information Server (IIS) installed.
ASP does not need to be compiled to run. There are several languages that can be used to create ASP pages. The most used is VBScript, a native of Microsoft. ASP can also be done in Perl and Jscript (not JavaScript). The ASP code can be inserted along with the HTML code. The files have the extension (asp).
Syntax:
<%%>
Advantage:
Use Visual Basic Script, being easy for users.
Optimal communication with SQL Server.
It supports the JScript language (Microsoft Javascript).
Disadvantages:
Disorganized code.
You need to write a lot of code to perform simple functions.
Proprietary Technology
Hosting of expensive websites.
ASP.NET language:
This is a language marketed by Microsoft, and used by programmers to develop, among other functions, websites. ASP.NET is the successor of ASP technology, it was launched to the market through a market strategy called .NET.
The ASP.NET was developed to solve the limitations provided by your ASP predecessor. Created to develop simple web or large applications. For the development of ASP.NET you can use C #, VB.NET or J #. The files have the extension (aspx). For its operation of the pages, IIS must be installed with the .Net Framework. Microsft Windows 2003 includes this framework, it will only need to be installed in previous versions.
Syntax:
Advantage:
Completely object oriented.
User controls and custom.
Division between the application or design layer and the code.
It facilitates the maintenance of large applications.
Increase server response speed.
Higher speed.
Greater security.
Disadvantages:
Higher resource consumption.
JSP language:
It is a language for creating dynamic websites, acronym for Java Server Pages. It is aimed at developing web pages in Java. JSP is a cross-platform language. Created to run on the server side.
JSP was developed by Sun Microsystems. It shares advantages similar to those of ASP.NET, developed for the creation of powerful web applications. It has a page engine based on Java servlets. For its operation you need to have a Tomcat server installed.
Syntax:
<% = new java.util.Date ()%>
Characteristics:
Code separated from the program logic.
The pages are compiled at the first request.
It allows to separate the dynamic part of the static in the web pages.
The files are found with the extension (jsp).
The JSP code can be embedded in HTML code.
JSP elements:
The elements that can be inserted in the JSP pages are the following:
Code: you can embed “Java” code.
Directives: allows to control servlet parameters.
Actions: it allows to alter the normal flow of execution of a page.
Advantage:
Fast execution of servlets.
Create server side pages.
Multi platform.
Well structured code.
Integrity with Java modules.
The dynamic part is written in Java.
It allows the use of servlets.
Disadvantages:
Complexity of learning
Python language:
It is a programming language created in 1990 by Guido van Rossum, it is the successor of the ABC programming language. Python is usually compared to Perl. Users consider it as a cleaner language to program. It allows the creation of all types of programs including websites.
Your code does not need to be compiled, so it is called that the code is interpreted. It is a multiparadigma programming language, which forces programmers to adopt a particular programming style:
Object-oriented programming.
Structured Programming
Functional Programming
Aspect-oriented programming.
Syntax:
Example of a class in Phyton:
def draw_muneco (option):
if option == 1:
C.create_line (580, 150, 580, 320, width = 4, fill = “blue”)
C.create_oval (510, 150, 560, 200, width = 2, fill = ‘PeachPuff’)
Advantage:
Free and open source.
General purpose language.
Large number of functions and libraries.
Simple and quick to program.
Multi platform.
Open Source License (Opensource).
Object Oriented.
Portable.
Disadvantages:
Slow to be an interpreted language.
Ruby language:
It is an interpreted language of very high level and object oriented. Developed in 1993 by the Japanese programmer Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto. His syntax is inspired by Phyton, Perl. It is distributed under a free software license (Opensource).
Ruby is a dynamic language for fast and simple object-oriented programming. For those who wish to start in this language you can find an interactive ruby tutorial. A site with information and courses in Spanish is also available to these users.
Syntax:
puts “hello”
Characteristics:
There is a difference between upper and lower case.
Multiple expressions by lines, separated by semicolons “;”.
It has exception handling.
Ruby can load extension libraries dynamically if the (Operating System) allows it.
Laptop.
Advantage:
It allows to develop solutions at low cost.
Free software.
Multi platform.